The construction of new electricity transmission infrastructure presents several key environmental challenges that national and international standards aim to address:

1. Land Use and Habitat Disruption: Large-scale transmission projects require extensive rights-of-way (ROW), which can lead to forest clearing, habitat fragmentation, and disruption of wildlife corridors.

2. Visual Impact: The aesthetic impact of large transmission towers and lines is a significant concern, especially in scenic or residential areas.

3. Electromagnetic Fields (EMF): There are ongoing public inquiries and scientific studies about the potential health effects of EMF from power lines, leading to strict regulatory standards for field strength.

4. Noise and Vibration: During construction, heavy machinery can generate noise and vibration that disrupt local communities and wildlife. Corona discharge from high-voltage lines can also produce noise during operation.

5. Water and Soil Impact: Construction activities like excavation for tower foundations can lead to soil erosion and sedimentation, which can affect nearby waterways.